There you said 7.6 for 420HC. EDGE RETENTION . Developed by New Jersey Steel Baron, Nitro V is a non-powder steel marketed as an enhanced version of AEB-L. Nitro V, as its name indicates, adds nitrogen to AEB-Ls formula to make the steel even more corrosion-resistant. The very good toughness of MagnaCut meant that it didnt chip despite this relatively high hardness and the difficulty of the test. However, in our testing there is a reduction in toughness by using the high temperature range rather than the low temperature range, such as was found with CPM-CruWear (Z-Wear) or CPM-10V. Thank you. Give it a couple of weeks, and feedback will start pouring in. Steel produced in China is generally less expensive. The difference in properties between 14C28N and D2 steel is very clear. 14c28n vs. AUS-8 Steel This makes it a great choice if you don't have . Thanks Larrin, Steels that are higher in hardness and wear resistance are usually lower in toughness. So what is the best steel for knives? So youre right that a D2 blade will cut more CATRA cards than an AEB-L blade *when theyre both sharpened to the same angle* but AEB-L has much better toughness and can therefore handle being sharpened to a more acute angle without chipping, and a more acute angle is more important to continuing cutting ability than wear resistance is. All rights reserved. One argument I see consistently leveled against 8Cr13MoV compared to AUS-8 is that of the consistency of the composition. Oftentimes steels that are reported to be difficult to sharpen are in fact improperly heat treated and challenging to deburr. On the other hand, 9cr18mov has a slightly higher molybdenum content which gives it higher hardness from quenching and helps drive carbide formation. 14C28N VS D2 The two sheets of steel are comparable in terms of toughness and corrosion resistance. But unlike most high-end steels, SPY27 is an easily user-serviceable powder steel. By that I dont mean that a better heat treatment is not possible, but that major mistakes in heat treating are avoided. Socould you please clarify which steel is the outlier and which is the line>. Therefore, if your priority is a knife with the best toughness on the market, you can never go wrong with the varieties of 14C28N. Im a layman trying to understand what makes the best steel for my use. In particular, I have found the ESEE/Rowen 1095 to be less likely to chip and better at holding an edge than the KA-BAR version even in knives with the same role, thickness, and blade length. The steel was developed to be free from chromium carbides which gives it properties similar to balanced non-stainless tool steels like CPM-4V and CPM-CruWear. I also have meat cleaver 1,4116 ,58RC that I order and was looking up if its a good steel or did waist money and need to return it. I measured corrosion resistance of a slightly lower carbon 420 here: https://knifesteelnerds.com/2020/03/02/cpm-spy27-experiments-toughness-corrosion-resistance-and-more/. It mainly made for knife and it high in Chromium for excellent corrosion resistance. Why do you give a coin with a knife as a gift? We did the research to help you find the best hunting knife for your needs and budget. The table shows combinations of knife steel properties for different classes of steel. Note that corrosion is detrimental for the cutting edge. Display: 24 per page Sort by: Featured View CIVIVI Voltaic Flipper Knife Stainless Steel Handle With Micarta Inlay (3.48" 14C28N Blade) $88.30 Add to cart For more information see our. Cool! If youre looking for all all-around best knife steel, youd be hard-pressed to find one better than Bohler Uddeholm M390. 14c28n is the most popular material for the knife: stainless steel and made by the Swedish company. Should have a first draft by the end of next week. I test corrosion resistance of steels by heat treating 1 x 1.5 inch coupons, finishing to about 400 grit, and then spraying with water. Micarta Sharpening the knives might be challenging, but the D2 knife is high quality and affordable. Fine-carbide knife steels. Not as tough as the best carbon steels, it's tougher than most . A Japanese powder steel, ZDP-189 is essentially the polar opposite of 3V its uber-hard instead of uber-tough. Pretty interesting that regrinding a knife you already have can seemingly take its performance to that of significantly better steels. CPM 154 Looks like there is no reason to us it over 420HC. Then we could say, e.g. Read more. Edge retention often refers to the ability of a knifes edge to maintain its sharpness during use. Though the volume of carbonitrides in the steel is relatively high. Vancron would work well in a kitchen knife. This is also a powder-metal steel produced by American steel company Crucible. This is a non-powder Japanese steel used primarily in Spyderco knives. So hard vanadium carbides means you get more edge retention for a given amount of carbide. Cronidur 30 Less expensive, conventionally produced steels include VG-10, D2, 154CM, N690, and 440C. The only thing putting me off immediately buying the p135 is the 14c28n steel. Id like to quote some of your toughness, edge retention and corrosion resistance for balanced midfield steels, including yours, in some data tables. However, even steel with the best corrosion resistance can rust without proper care. And for high toughness you want little or no carbide. 440A has more chromium in solution along with a small addition of Mo, but has significant amounts of carbide so the two are an interesting comparison. I reserve the right to change my ratings based on new information. Its actually quite good, low-cost steel that performs like midprice steel. Or is this an argument that tends to be rooted more in the presumption that Japanese steel > Chinese steel than any practical difference in reality? To choose the best knife for you between the 14C28N and the D2, look at the steel properties and ensure that they suit your knife needs and lifestyle. I tested its edge wear resistance but not its toughness yet. Read more. Is there a reason SG2/R2 are not included in the lineup, despite being one of the most popular ones? D2 is another medium-range tool steel. And while youll find it mostly in expensive knives, quite a few approachable M390 blades exist. Therefore you will use it for a long time without requiring frequent sharpening. In addition, According to Sandvik, 14C28N steel is easy to work on, reducing production costs and hence affordable knives. For example, Bohler M390, CTS-204P, and CPM-20CV are all nearly identical and indistinguishable in practice. You cant look at only the chromium content of the steel to know the level of corrosion resistance. With recommended hardness range of 55-62 HRC; the 14C28N is great for knife applications which place very high demands on edge sharpness, edge stability and corrosion resistance such as chefs knives, hunting knife, pocket knives and fishing knives. A more obtuse edge angle is much more resistant to chipping than an acute edge. These are Chinese-produced steels that recently started showing up in Chinese-made knives. how much more can you bend/pry with it? While quite soft, the metal cuts even when it seems dull because, at the microscopic level, it has a roughness that performs much like a serration. How long sharpen? You can read more about these factors in my book Knife Engineering. On the positive side, they are very easy to forge and grind. However, there are other factors. High toughness steels can be produced without powder metallurgy and also have low wear resistance for lower manufacturing costs. Where the black-finished 1.4116 version has a simple, full flat grind, the D2 version has a compound flat grind that ends halfway up the blade's height. What about K390? If you want to learn more about a specific steel, you can click it in the sorted listings below. It would be really useful to have the raw data that backs the charts that you produce. I dipped each in lemon juice and left in open air and tested after 30, 100, and 300 minutes, dipping in lemon juice again each time. Used in knives since at least World War II, 1095 performance varies considerably with an abundance of tweaks in the recipe and heat treat. Extra kudos for your mathmatical steel composition to edge holding model thats really impressive work. On the other hand small but mighty, the pocket knife provides both in professional performance and in arresting good looks. Liquid steel is sprayed through a tiny nozzle, solidifying into a powder. Other factors that can be added in are corrosion resistance, hardness, and cost. Furthermore, because of its ultrahigh hardness, Maxamet is very prone to corrosion, probably worse than 1095. show very different and even inversed behaviour (e.g. . 1. edge retention can vary by several orders of magnitude depending on what happens to the burr. https://knifesteelnerds.com/2018/12/03/cryogenic-part1/ . Steels with very high vanadium content like Vanadis 8, CPM-10V, K390, CPM-15V, etc. Its not bad, but you can find better in the market at the same price. Due to its higher Chromium content, S30v is a lot less likely to corrode/rust than the D2 Steel. Compared to the AUS10A, the D2 has a longer legacy since it's been around since 1918. Therefore, ensure to wash and dry your knives after use to keep the rust away. Vanax and LC200N are unique in reaching 59-60 Rc while being very stain resistant. 14C28N steel is as a result of a more corrosion resistant version of the 13C26 steel. Steel softens as tempering temperature increases, but certain steels see an increase in hardness in a certain higher temperature range such as shown below for high speed steels that are designed for this type of tempering: This high temperature tempering can be done for several reasons, such as better resistance to overheating during grinding, or because a coating will be applied to the knife that requires a high temperature. These steels are the good old hard-working steels. Let's compare 14c28n steel with other steels, and for this, I use four criteria; Edge Retention, Corrosion resistance, Ease of Sharpness, and Toughness and on a scale of 1-10 (10 being the highest) let's see the performance of each steel. And Michael Fitzgerald, Tim Marais, and Head VI for increasing their contributions. Steel with high wear resistance is more costly to manufacture, as the knife company goes through more abrasives to grind the knives. Moreover, the blades will serve you longer because they do not wear out faster with frequent use and sharpening. D2 steel But weve tested this metal in the form of the Sobata 398 for nearly a year and have been continually impressed. H1 and 420 also have excellent corrosion resistance but are limited to lower hardness and edge retention. and corrosion resistance than the 420HC steel. We should be suspicious of anyone who is claiming very high edge retention with a steel at low hardness and a small amount of carbide. Its very corrosion-resistant and quite tough. There are so many interactions between them that predictions are difficult without modeling software. Here its 8. I was the heat treater, but after HT to only 58-59 hardness the blades went to the surface grinders for finishing and I remember them going into the packing boxes with mirror polished edges. Even people that are aware of your work still do knife rankings and pass them off as steel rankings. you can easily buy a $500 knive made out of 14c28n, which has nothing in it besides cr and a trace of ni. The excellent corrosion resistance properties of 14C28N are attributed to the high amounts of chromium in its composition. : knife a with a toughness of 5 and an angle of 20 degrees will perform as well in edge retention as knife b with a toughness of 3 and an angle of 15 degrees. 14C28N knife will dull faster, but it is easy to sharpen. Steels 7Cr and below arent worth your time or money. Or even a 7 in both categories. Your email address will not be published. Cold Steel still uses VG-1 on some knives, and, for the money, it does well. Below shows Vanax tempered at 400F on the left and 1000F on the right after 1% saltwater for 24 hours: There are many other ways in which knife steel performance can be reduced through heat treatment but I cant cover them all in this article so hopefully these illustrative examples will be enough. They have many similarities, including their high hardness, strength, and wear resistance. In general, steels look worse as you go up in hardness because the toughness is reduced by more than the edge retention is increased. Different heat treats have emerged over the years, but one has risen to the top as the best:Bob Doziers D2. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Not impractical fantasy knives, but these two knives that have a col look to them. Any thoughts how Sleipner might fare in the ratings? Each steel was tested with a knife that was produced just for the test, and then sharpened the same way for each test (15 dps 400 grit CBN sharpening). In fact, its not technically a steel at all, as it uses titanium and nickel. But I think it would have much higher toughness than any of the steels on the chart. GearJunkie Copyright 2013 2023. Both knives were chopped through a nail. D2 has a relatively high amount of carbon in its composition (1.55%), more than twice as much as AEB-L (0.68%), but most of that carbon goes into making chromium carbides instead of into solution in the steel matrix, leaving D2 with only ~0.5% C in solution and very large carbides that are good for wear resistance but bad for toughness. thanks thats interesting. Its called memory metal because heat can get it to revert back to a previous shape. 1095. For high wear resistance and edge retention you want a large amount of hard carbides. I used to work for a company that did reclaimed old growth lumber (swamp cedar, old growth pine and oak beams, etc) and we went through planer blades twice as fast as the cabinetry shop next door (turns out the neighbors like it when you put all the loud businesses together and far away), which mostly cut fresh cherry, oak, maple, hickory etc. It is most useful for steels with large amounts of carbide but also helps to be able to add certain carbide types. Is it similar but worse or better at one of the 3 things? You cannot leave your 14C28N knives in water overnight and expect them not to rust. we dont know. On the other hand, in d2 air-hardness steel, you cant differentially temper the blade-like other high carbon steel because the steel can also be challenging to sharpen. have extremely high edge retention. That says to me theres a measurable abrasive quality to wood for sure. Theyre excellent for choppers, hard-use folders, and outdoor knives that see impacts and heavy use when used at medium hardness. This is one of the fundamental tradeoffs in steel. Opinel Number 9 in carbon steel, and a Cold Steel Tanto Lite in their stainless steel. Low Carbon steels like AEB-L wont hold up to wood cutting even though it can hit 64 hard, it just doesnt have enough Carbon. Also I notice 1095 looks like another underperformer as there doesnt look to be any reason to use it over 5160 which I cant imagine is any more expensive than 1095. I would suggest adding a second axis to the ratings charts that show the data values that the 0-10 ratings are based on (unnotched charpy impact energy, 1% saltwater , Total cards cut, etc.). This is the basis on which I do the ratings rather than a linear scale. Some of these steels also have vanadium (CruForgeV) or tungsten (Blue Super, V-Toku2, 1.2519) for increased wear resistance. 420HC, 420, and 5160 all offer off-the-charts toughness. For more information, please see our I have an article that lists off the major mistakes often made in heat treating. D2 at 58 hard will cut much more rope than AEB-L at 62. You can see micrographs of different knife steels to compare their carbides in this article. These steels are typically used by forging bladesmiths, traditional folders, and some production fixed blades. I am particularly interested in researching knife steel, knife properties, and brands. But it would be my recommendation for applications requiring extreme corrosion resistance. 0.62% of Carbon: Makes knives harder and more resistant. Around 61 Rc usually. It boasts an incredible ability to continue cutting long after it seems dull. And its not made of steel. rex 121 However, D2 steel has better edge retention, while 14C28N offers a better sharpening experience. It is a premium steel that is known for its excellent balance of hardness, corrosion resistance, and edge retention. The performance of these blades are equally admirable. Many custom makers enjoy AEB-L, as its easy to machine but still has a high hardness, around 62 HRc. Like 154CM, its a good compromise between all three steel attributes. Generally seen as a slight upgrade to the 440C/VG-10/ATS-34 caliber of steel, its a decent all-around steel with good corrosion resistance, decent toughness, and only modest hardness. They tend to be relatively expensive and difficult to sharpen, as they have high wear resistance. Note:There is a powder-metal version called CPM154 thats purer than the non-powder version, making it easier for knifemakers to grind. This is a midprice steel with matching performance. Jeff I worked at a company that heat treated D2 (1.55% C) planer blades for a company that built wood working equipment for commercial shops. And Ive done a lot of experimental work on knife steels where I feel more confident in my own ratings. CPM154 is a truly superior steel. If you want for best steel 14c28n and others steel then you can ready 14c28n vs 420hc review. Its not a regression line, it is just a line through the best steels. My test is for comparing different steels, not necessarily for a go/no go test for saltwater applications. Hes already done a three part series on cryogenic treatment: 14C28N is offered on midprice knives and is one of the better steels on a dollar-for-dollar basis. Although it should be noted that there doesnt seem to be a need for the stainlessness on a wood working tool. So for most steels they are given a rating at around 59-62 Rc, apart from a few steels that are never used at that hardness. Almost all consumer-grade pocket knives, EDC knives, fixed blade knives, etc will be in the range of a Rockwell Hardness rating of 54 to 65 HRC. Knifemakers use dozens of steel types to create knife blades. The old rule in steels used to be corrosion resistance, toughness, or hardness choose two. But SM100 (the trade name for Nitinol 60) threw that out the window when introduced to the cutlery world. A mirror finish is the best at resisting corrosion and a rough finish means rust and corrosion is more likely. It can dull your edge, cause pitting, and damage the structural integrity of your knife. Now 14c28n is IMO the best budget steel out there. We can predict edge retention of a steel within a relatively narrow band based on hardness and carbide volume. Most of the midrage ifferings have 14c28n, how does it compare to d2 in your experience? Among Vancron SuperClean, Agomi #1 and Shirogami #1, Which one tends to have finer grain size and Sharper edge? Plus the charts get messier, and I dont always have data for a wide range of hardness values. This is a powder steel produced by American steel company Carpenter. Advantages: Toughness, edge retention. Thank you for the accurate data. In this article, we will discuss the characteristics, pros, cons, and differences between 14C28N and D2 knives to help to make the right choice.
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